The University Honors Program exemplifies Messiah University’s commitment to academic excellence and fostering an intellectually rigorous Christian world view.

The program provides a series of interdisciplinary honors courses which satisfy selected general education requirements. Participation in the program culminates in an honors research project, typically during the senior year.

The senior students of the University Honors Program are pleased to share their research with a broader audience.

Some items in this collection are only available to download when the user is on Messiah's campus or creates an account/login in MOSAIC with a Messiah email.

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Submissions from 2023

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A Collaborative Effort at Urban Revitalization: A Potential Model, Jessica China

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An Engineered Artificial Selection System for the Directed Evolution of Unnatural Cytochrome C Biosynthesis Enzymes, Noah Daniel Smith

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Handbooks, Policies, and Power: Discursive Language and LGBTQIA+ Representation in Christian University Handbooks, Kaitlin Merlino

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Religious Orientation and Coping in Third Culture Kids, Kayla Zerbe

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Repurposing the Calcium Biosensor Twitch-2B: Creating Transition Metal Detection Proteins Through Fluorescent Analysis, Sarah Mateer

Submissions from 2022

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A Great Story Lives Within Me, Rosemary Jones

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Andromache, Rachel Hungerford

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ASL for Special Educators, Melissa Johnson

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Ionic Liquids as Both Solvent and Reagent in Electrophilic Addition Reactions, Hannah Artz and Roseann K. Sachs

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Masculinity, Male Friendship, and Same-Sex Interactions in 18th Century America: The Relationship of Alexander Hamilton and John Laurens, Chloe Kauffman

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Nonprofit Narratives: Faith-Based Organizations, the Gospel Mission, and You, Jennifer Myers

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Pure Essential Oil vs. Blend: Word Recall Memory Strategies, Victoria Renee Anders and John I. Bechtold

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Sanctuaries of Story: Oral History as Peacemaking in African American Church Communities, Victoria Berrios

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The Balm of Gilead: Neuroaesthetics of Empathy in Fiction, Courtney Smith

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The Search for Enduring Peace: Promoting Rebel Party Formation in Post-Civil Conflict States, Isabel Villegas

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Understanding Existentialism on Stage: The Theatre of the Absurd, Joshua Murray

Submissions from 2021

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Adult Attachment, Attachment to God, and Willingness to Forgive: A Covariate Study, Amy C. DePretis

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A First Time Foster Parent Guide to Behavior and Trauma, Abigail Carty

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Antigone Through The Ages, Katie Anne Phykitt

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Chicken Waste as a Nutrient Source for Red Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) in a Hydroponic System, Allison Houtz and David Foster

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Developing a reliable computational method to determine the allosteric sites to be targeted in finding non-aggregating allosteric inhibitors of PTP1B, Sarah Codd and Anne Reeve

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Enlightened Empathy: Applied Theatre Transforming Society and Self, Abi K. Johnson

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Finding Home: (Re)thinking Identity through Texts as a Queer, White Woman, Lydia Pebly

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Green Space and Community Wellbeing in Allison Hill, Caroline Olson

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Hablar en dos mundos: Explorando los papeles del bilingüismo español-inglés en las vidas de los adultos bilingües en español e inglés en la región sur central de Pensilvania, Amalia Robinson

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Innate Longing for Connection: A Biopsychological View of Spiritual Longing Mediated by Oxytocin, Megan Hamilton

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Making a Musical: Reflecting on Failure and FlexibilityAnd an Amateur Guide to Music Copyright, Ellen Diehl

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Ne Bɛna Maana Bɔ: A Story Will Come Out of Me, Emmanuelle Spronk

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Raising the Dead: Myths and Their Retellings, Joel Pace

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The Homes We Carry: Using The Neighborhood Map Writing Tool in Your Classroom, Rebecca Joy Wenger

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Till Death Do We Art: Monologues in Reflection on Art and Career, Rachel Rochet

Submissions from 2020

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Ceder Run Stream Analysis: Analyzing and Understanding the Cedar Run Watershed through a Multifaceted Approach, Rebecca Lauver and Jeffrey S. Erikson

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Craving Rojak & Snacking On Indomie: Reflections On A Transnational Experience Through Food Studies And Personal Essays, Lin Mok Zhuang

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Determinants of Broadway Theatre Demand, Emily Falkenstein

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Dying to Live: Rediscovering the Meaning of Health and Wellness, Madison Wright

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High-Intensity Interval Training and the Brain: A Review, Nathan Romberger and Doug Miller

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Joining White America: How The Irish Achieved Racial Assimilation, Benjamin Baddorf

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Liberation Theology: The Power of Religion in Revolutionary Movements, Katherine Preudhomme

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Pancreatic tumor fibrosis: Determining the target of proglumide-mediated inhibition, Courtney Williams and John F. Harms

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Playing God: Legacies of Narrative Control in Danticat and Walker, Sarah Becker

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Shelf-life study of Human Erythrocytes Cryopreserved for the Laboratory Culture of Plasmodium falciparum, Annalise Armstrong

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Sustainable Community in Literature and Lancaster County: Finding a Way Forward on Small Farms, Christine Bye

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The Homeless Choir: Arts-Based Community Development in Action, Veronica Holmes

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The Phenomenon of the Adventure Education Classroom, Emily Cowser

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Thrive: The Impact of a Mind, Body, and Soul Program on Anxiety Symptoms and Quality of Life, Alexa Glatfelter

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Using CRISPR/Cas9 to Alter Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen Epitopes in Living Cells, Rachel Steckbeck

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Virtue and Modern Society, Grant Matthew Gombert

Submissions from 2019

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Christianity, Economics and the Poor, Hannah VanFossen

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Christian Moral Disengagement and Exclusion of the LGBTQ+ Community, Charles Byrd

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Clarifying the Connection Between Oncgenic KRAS and Gastrin/CCK2R Signaling in Pancreatic Tumorigensis, Andrew LaRow and John F. Harms

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Cloning a Fluorescent Fusion Protein for Detection and Localization of the Gastrin Receptor, Vinh Le

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Collaborating with Confidence, Composure and Grace, Gabriella Brooks

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Co-sputtered TiBx Thin Films, Alexander Sredenschek

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Energy Monitoring and Management System, Trieu Luu

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Engaging Inquiring Minds: A Guide for Teaching Elementary Science Through Inquiry, Claire Marino

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Evolution of Natural Horn, Ciara Sacco

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Feminine and Masculine Linguistic Comparison: Investigating Team Sports through Notre Dame University Media News Archives, Ellie Lengacher

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GameRepo, Joshua Simmons

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Macrophyte Distribution in Limestone Streams of South Central Pennsylvania, Joshua Stone

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Minimalism, Lindsay Ledder

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Pornography in the Church: Spiritual, Relational, Economic and Social Implications, Hannah Fogle

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Poverty Tourism: Rhetorical Characterizations of the Other in Study Abroad, Tourism and Missions Marketing, Miriam Thurber

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Prevalence of a Variant Gastrin Receptor RNA and Correlating Genomic Polymorphism in Human Pancreatic Cancer, Rebekah Jones

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Privacy in the 21st Century: DNA and the Fourth Amendment, Julia Clements

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Prostitution Policy: Ending the World's Oldest Profession, Jamie Bishop

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ServeCentral, Garret Reichert

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Sherlock, Jared Butler

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Solutions of the Wave Equation, Emily Wichert

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Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nitride Films for the Reduction of Oxygen, Josiah Nisly

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The Effects of Caffeine Ingestion and the -163 A>C CYP1A2 Polymorphism on Long Anaerobic Exercise Performance, Kristen Hasse

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The Issue of Funds: A Discussion on the Structure and Importance of School Financing in Pennsylvania, Sarah Long

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The Stars in the Tunnel, Marianna Cava

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Transition to Employment for People with Disabilities: Closing the Employment Gap, Anna Marie Clark

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Village Water Ozonation Systems International Water Engineering Projects: Water Project Proposal for Full Gospel Assemblies of Pakistan Bible College, Daniel Ma

Submissions from 2018

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Adsorption of Fluorescently Tagged Self-Assembled Monolayers onto Zinc Selenide Thin Films through Microcontact Printing, Juliya Mantsevich

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A Novel Synthetic Pathway for Aspernigrin A, Daniel J. Lemen, Zebulun Cross, Duncan McDermond, and Anne Reeve

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Apathy and Foreign Policy: What We Can Learn from the Vietnam War, Pascal Spronk

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A Universal Child Income: Implications for Policy, Poverty, and Child Development, Ben Cochran

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Growth and Characterization of ZnSe Thin Films by RF Magnetron Co-Sputtering, Hallie Miller

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Identity Development Across Adolescence, Madison Groff

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Is subjectivity truth? Musings on Kierkegaard and Potok, Elizabeth Muchmore

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Jew and Christians on Forgiveness: Response to The Sunflower, Becca Lokos

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Melancholy in Music and Migration: The Development of the Tango as a Transcultural Art Form, Hannah Snavely

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Metaphors of Trauma: An Excavation, Kate Brock

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Nuestros países inventados: Las narrativas nacionales en la obra de Isabel Allende, Hannah Eckstrom

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Personal Reflection, Renee Benning

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Spherical Geometry and its Applications, Olivia Tamm

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The Efficacy of Third-Party Certifications and Memberships:Bridge to Institutional Sustainability at Colleges and Universities, Mia Kuniholm

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Theory of Operation: The Energy Monitoring and Management System, Joshua Conrady, Matthew Diers, Mike Gray, Trieu Luu, Justin Martin, David Nicolais, Nathan Ressler, Joseph Wambach, and David Williams

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Till Human Voices Wake Us, Alicia Fleming

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Using HotSpotter Animal Individual Recognition Software in the Detection of Ontogenetic Pattern Changes in Panamanian Golden Frogs (​Atelopus zeteki), Samantha Duhé

Submissions from 2017

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A Christian Defense for Free Markets, Dustin Peck

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Allometric Effects on Clutch Size and Quality in the Panamanian Golden Frog, Atelopus zetek, Micah Christensen, Erik Lindquist, and Maryland Zoo in Baltimore

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Biocatalytic Reduction of Ketones and Imines Using Daucus carota Root, Anthony Bogetti

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Can Pancreatic Cancer be Controlled by Cellular Immunity?, Kirby Robbins, John Harms, and Lawrence Mylin

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Cue 1: Literacy : a teacher's guide to teaching literacy skills through drama, Alison Bancroft

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Digital News: Persuasion, Emotion, and Trustworthiness, Abigail McBride

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Electrooptical dynamics of ultra-thin nematic liquid crystalline films supported on ZnSe functionalized with alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers, Elliot C. Rossomme, Nicholas Tay, and Alison Noble

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Energy Monitoring and Management System: Moving Toward a Modular Design, Paul Tajiri

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Food Policy Councils in the Mid-Atlantic:Working Towards Justice, Sam Boden

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From Edenville: Essays, Abigail Koontz

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Graph Coloring Games, Nicholas Weaver

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Intentional Community Curriculum, Jared Armistead

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Literature Review: A Hierarchy of Math Skills, Erika Hufford

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Modeling and Forecasting Zimbabwe’s Trade Exports with Time Series Analysis, Emilie Smetak

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Notes of a Non-Native Son: Narrative, Ecology,and Ethics in the Arizona Desert, Joel Johnson

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Planning a Small Business, Madison O’Donnell

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Read-Aloud Time in Museums, Juliana Harris

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Splitting the Avocado: Short Fiction on Themes of Power, Gender, and the Hope of Change, Abigail McBride

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The Drivers Behind Edible Food Recovery Programs at Institutions of Higher Education, Danielle Chun

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Tournaments on Tournaments: Using Graph Theory to Analyze Tennis Tournaments, Megan Scala

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Transatlantic Lessons in Refugee Policy: Comparing Refugee Law, Policy and Programs of the United States and Germany, Ida Ehrhardt

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Trapped in a Columbarium of Concepts?(A Philosopher's Self-Help Guide), Richard Prensner

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Una Experiencia de la Educación Especial, Sarah Machowski

Submissions from 2016

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An Insider's Guide to Starting in Small Group Ministry 2nd Edition, Samantha Alderfer and Stephen Haverstick

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A Novel Synthetic Pathway for Aspernigrin A, Brady Marburger and Anne Reeve

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A search for new T cell epitopes within and evaluation of the immunogenicity of SV40 T-ag transformed cells grown without fetal bovine serum, Shaun Egolf and Lawrence Mylin

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“Call Your Brothers Magnificent, Call All the Sisters Queens”: Kendrick Lamar and the West African Griot Tradition, Jonathan Barry Wolf

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CD4+ T cell Regulation of Immune Responses to the Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen is Complex and Involves Multiple Layers of Coordination Dependent on Immune Conditions, Arielle Raugh and Lawrence Mylin

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Characterizing monoclonal antibodies against the cholecystokinin 2 receptor (CCK2R) and a splice variant for use in pancreatic cancer studies, Laura Ritenour

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Developing a CR281 Peptide Specific T Lymphocyte Immune Response To Target Pancreatic Cancer CCK2i4sv Receptor, Taylor Hook

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Down or Be Drowned: Gender Constructions in The Mill on the Floss, Elena Patton

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Edible Forest Gardening: Planning, site selection, and implementation of permaculture at Messiah College, Lyndsay Feather and David Foster

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Father Face in the Dark, Dallas Saylor

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Frappes and Philosophers, Branden Glass

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How People of High and Low Trait Stress React to State Stress and Pleasure, Robin Hennessey

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Increasing the Stability and Expression of Green Fluorescent Protein in Pancreatic Cancer Cells for Metastasis Assays, Holly M. Ross and John F. Harms

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Low Cost, High Speed Correlation for Dynamic Light Scattering On a Field Programmable Gate Array and Potential Applications in HIV Detection, Katrina Schrock

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Poverty in Modern China: Left Behind in Western China, Kia Hitt

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Roots and Rituals: A Perspective on Dutch and African Surface Design, Katie Kerlen

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Rule of Law, Human Rights, and Racial Plurality in Contemporary Malaysian Society, Bryan Ji Yang Leong

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The Hegemonic Construction of the Modern Fairytale: Wonderland, Oz, and Enchanting Ideologies of Lost Little Girls, Karin Holvik

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Understanding the Effects of Parents’ Strokes on their Adult Children’s Lives, Jaclyn Weit

Submissions from 2015

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An Insider's Guide to Starting in Small Group Ministry, Samantha Alderfer

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Effect of Caffeine on Salivary Cortisol during 10-Mile Cycling Time Trial, Anne Roshong, Lauren Clune, H.Scott Kieffer, and Jodie Haak

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From Pacifist to Patriot: The Manipulation of Tolstoy’s Legacy in Russian Culture and Society, Rachel Bauman

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Going Home: American Christian Zionism in History, Theology, and Identity, Jonathan Fuller

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Investigating Cellular Immunity Using the SV40 Large Tumor Antigen, Matthew Lauver, Caitlin Mason, Stephanie Schell, and Lawrence Mylin

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The Effectiveness of Exogenously Induced Ethylene in Rescuing Arabidopsis thaliana from Zinc Stress: An Ethylene Assay followed by a Rescue Assay Using Ethephon Against Zinc Stress with Arabidopsis, Daniel Christensen

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The Multi-Cultural Identity of Medieval Sicily: William II’s Complex at Monreale, Lindsay K. Henry

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The power of choice : a supplemental instructional tool for speakers of AAVE, Melissa Landis

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Tissue Culture in Mertensia virginica (L.) Pers. ex Link, Adam Stern

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Transfection of Primary Kidney Cells with Mutated SV40 T ag DNA Containing a CCKCR Intron-Derived Sequence, Kaitlyn Grando, Courtnry Burkett, and Lawrence Mylin

Submissions from 2014

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Alexander Glazunov and his Violin Concerto: History, Biography, and Performance Perspective, Gregory Glessner

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Analysis of Adsorbates on Polished Zinc Selenide, Emily J. Mellott, Vince Bojan, and Alison R. Noble

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An Evaluation of Messiah College’s Sustainability Studies Major & Survey of Best Practices, Julie Price

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A Study of Copying in Art Education: Historical Approaches and Contemporary Applications, Hanna Schaffer

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Carboxylate Self-Assembled Monolayers on Polished Zinc Selenide, Emily J. Mellott and Alison R. Noble

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Compassion in Transcultural Nursing Care, Supakorn Kueakomoldej

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Construction of a Glow-Discharge Plasma Microelectrode for the Synthesis of Inorganic Solids, Julie L. Fenton and Richard W. Schaeffer

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Correlation: Beginning History through Development of Function, Billie Sue Arndt

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Culturally Competent Social Work Practices: Working with Latino Populations Experiencing Domestic Violence, Danielle Bausher

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Culturing Plasmodium falciparum in the Laboratory, Daniel Wingert, Lauren Wilson, and Lawrence Mylin

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Fabricating a Nanoscale Electrode Array on Zinc Selenide for Studies of Long-chain Alkanethiol Monolayer Influence on Liquid Crystal Orientation, Nicholas Eng Soon Tay

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Growth of Arabidopsis Thaliana Under Zinc Stress, Kaitlin Kovach

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How Prayer Mediates the Body’s Physiological Response to Stressors, Corryn R. Sargent

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[Intelligent Water Project], Mathew Musselman

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Investigating an Alternate Synthesis Pathway for Aspernigrin A, Wesley S. Robertson

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Like Father, Like Son? What does it mean for Jesus to be the “Son of God?”, Kelsey Kreider

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Madrigal, Kaylee Schofield

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Prayer and Stress: How Prayer Mediates the Body’s Physiological Response to Stressors, Jess Garber

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Presence and Prevalence of Bd (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in Central Pennsylvanian Woodland Pools, Brennan A. Neal, Kristin M. Sicher, Erik D. Lindquist, and Michael J. Shin

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Presence and Prevalence of Bd (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in Picado’s Bromeliad Treefrog (Isthmohyla picadoi), Jessica Kim and Erik Lindquist

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Quantification of Histidine from Plant Extracts using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Electrochemistry, Janelle Veazey, Richard Schaeffer, and Michael Shin

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Redefining the Security-Development Nexus: Peace and Sustainable Development in Eastern Congo, Sarah Gross

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Seed Pressing and Biodiesel Production in Burkina Faso: The Burkina Faso Team : a subset of the Energy Group's Biodiesel Project, Meagan Miller

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Service Learning and the Intelligent Water Project, Andrew Yau

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Sounds of the Symphony Educational Orchestra Concert, Abigail Feder

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Support group curricula for non-offending caregivers: a review, Megan Lindsley

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Take a Chance, Laura Parks and Katy Bloom

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The Clearly Fuzzy Line: The Aesthetics of Photo Documentation, Schuyler Miller

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Toward the Synthesis of Aspernigrin A Precursor 6-Benzyl-4- hydroxypyran-2-one: Optimization and Cross-Coupling Strategies, Seth A. Sharber and Anne M. Reeve

Submissions from 2013

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A Cautionary Tale of Two Extremes Religion and Politics in the U.S. and the U.K., Alejandro Garcia Davalos

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An Integrated Model for Community-Based Tourism: Established and Potential Tourism in the Torotoro Region of Bolivia, Amy Ward

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A Philosophical Investigation of the Ontological Status of Mathematical Entities [Being a Brief Undertaking of the Philosophy of Mathematics by a Poor Undergraduate Student who had no Idea of What She was Getting Herself Into], Stephanie Andrews

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A Study of Wind Band Repertoire, David Michael Lynch

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Construction of a Novel System to Analyze Recognition of MHC Class II-Restricted Epitopes by CD4+ T Cell Hybridoma Clones in vitro, Samuel Bray and Lawrence Mylin

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Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Fish Using GC-MS, Kyle Kessler, Jeff Erikson, and Richard Schaeffer

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Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Fish Using GC-MS, Kyle Kessler, Jeff Erikson, and Richard Schaeffer

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Developing and Implementing an Index of Biotic Integrity for the Limestone Streams of Central Pennsylvania, David Dippold

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Dueling Scientists and Dueling Historians: Controversy Over the External History of Germ Theory, Glenn Jones

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Expression of the Human Gastrin Receptors CCKBR and CCKCR in PANCO2 Murine Pancreatic Cancer Cells, Shannon V. Sell, Glenn R. Jones, Gail L. Matters, and John F. Harms

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From Sight to Song: A Resource for Approaching Musicality with Young Students, Edward House

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Johannes Brahms’s Ballades, Opus 10, Sarah Brosvic

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Kant, Romanticism, and Beauty in Science and Mathematics, Nathan Robinson VanWyck

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Keeping Alive the Memory: Modern Philosophies of Myth in Tennyson and Tolkien, Taylor Driggers

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Methanothermus fervidus Histone Binding Affinity and Packaging of Archaeal DNA, Natalie Ziegler and Hannah S. Tims

Multimodal Tutor: A Substitute Teacher, Andrew Dowling

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Native Pollinators (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) and Agricultural Production of Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) at Messiah College, Katherine J. Todd and Erik Lindquist

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Optimal Control Theory and its Applications, Pamela Kirkpatrick

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Orphaned and Vulnerable Children: A Model for Care, Solveig Parsons

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Physiochemical Parameters Affecting Trichoptera Communities in Limestone and Sandstone Streams, Lindsay King and Jeff Erikson

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Project Outcomes Document Version 4 – 5/15/2013: Disability Resources Group – Tricycle Mobility Project: Front-End Redesign, Jeff Dweir, Sumin Seong, and John Nordstrom

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The Math - Craft Connection, Julie Killian

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Voice Recognition: A Foundation, Andy Yong

Submissions from 2012

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Adolescent Orphans and Development: Strategies in Development Targeting Orphan Adolescents Transitioning into Adulthood, Sarah Elizabeth Baranik

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An Exploration of the Fourth Dimension, Kelly Stride

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A Spoonful of Sugar: Why We Should Be Reading P.G. Wodehouse, Abigail Long

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Assessment of Malnutrition Among Albanian Elderly Participating in Home Meal Delivery Using the Mini Nutritional Assessment, Amanda Gray

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Beyond the Nation-State? Examining Trends in Public Support for Governments in the European Union, Sharon E. Hoeck

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Comparing the Immunological Potencies of Two Viral Epitopes: LT529-543 from the Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen vs. LT678-690 from the Large Tumor Antigen of Murine Polyomavirus, Elizabeth A. Miller, Benjamin D. Hallowell, and Lawrence M. Mylin

Generation of a T Cell Receptor Transgenic Mouse; Assembly of the Full-sized Expression Cassette, Daniel L. Kreider

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KWHR Meter Final Project Report, David Allen, Kevin Manieri, and Jonathon Martin

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Monitoring CD4+ T Lymphocyte Induction by a Mouse Polyomavirus Epitope inserted into the Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen (SV40 T ag), Benjamin Hallowell, Elizabeth Miller, and Lawrence Mylin

Mr. Bundy, Sarah Scafidi

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No Difference Observed in Sedentary Time per Week between NCAA DIII Distance Runners and Recreationally Active College Students, Nathan Myers

Non-Euclidean Geometry, Abi Buchler

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Oxygen Concentrator Modification: Intake Filter Testing and Analysis, Jaime Gerhart and Tim Houck

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Photo App, Brian Douglass

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Providential Progress: The Post-Revolutionary World of Robert Crawford, Katherine Garland

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Reading the Leaves: Tea and American Colonial Identity, 1765-1775, Amanda Mylin

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Reproductive Ecology of Ambystoma opacum and the Construction of a Guide for Larval Identification, Kristin Listor

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Russia and the Restricted Composer: Limitations of the Self, Culture, and Government, Ian T. Wallace

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Supermadres y la mujer política: An Analysis of Female Political Mobilization in Latin America with Lessons from Chile and Argentina, Victoria Leah Falkner

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The Can-Opener Gourmet: Poppy Cannon and American Culture in the 1950s, Natalie Burack

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The effects of sleep quality, study environment, and confidence on academic and cognitive performance, Kaitlyn Longfellow

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The Phenomenon of ADHD: A Cultural and Historical Perspective on the Rapid Rise of Attention-Deficit, Joshua M. Boden

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Toads and Toes: Does the “toe twitching” in the American and Fowler’s toad result in pedal luring?, Emily Brantner

Submissions from 2011

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Acquisition of French and English Accents Within the Process of Second Language Learning, Cody Rosenbarker

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An Analysis of Wage Institutions in Major League Baseball: Sabermetric and Microeconomic Perspectives on Free Agent Contracts, Ryan H. Faus

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Death and Resurrection of the Author: A Reexamination of Biography's Role in Contemporary Art, Joshua M. Rayner

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Defining the Developing World: Narrative Criticism Exploring Global Nonprofit Portrayals of Third World Poverty, Elisabeth A. Warren

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Doctor Faustus: Treating the Soul, Then and Now, Nathan Rosentrater

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Effect of Face-to-Face vs. E-mail Communication on Fitness and Quality of Life in an Employee-Based Walking Program, Amy L. Chrisfield

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Families Talking About Faith: Factors Affecting Spiritual Disclosure in Christian Families, Amy C. Leonard

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From Separatism to Activism: The Political Life of Jerry Falwell and the Making of the Moral Majority, Christine Kelly

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In re Neagle: A Case Study in Executive Prerogative, Shanna P. Lodge

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Math Across Cultures: A Resource for Burkinabè Children, Bethany Blackwood

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MM Instrumental Conducting Final Project: Compositional Analysis, Todd Nichols

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New Restriction Analysis Exercise for Introductory Biology, Songprod Lorgunpai and Lawrence Mylin

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Nonnative Shrub Removal and Herbivory of Herbaceous Understory Plants., William Swinsburg and David Foster

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Puzzling Over History: A Study of Late Antique Cyprus through Mosaic Art, Melissa Hogan

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Stauffer Farm: An Archaeological Primer to Stauffer Farm Research 2011, Colin Riddle

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Target of the Press : The Wartime Relationship Between Patton and the Media., Alexander G. Lovelace

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The Gospel of Mark Project: Stage Manager’s Guidebook, Jessica Joy Nelson

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Water Quality Analysis of Stored Water using Sawyer PointONETM Filters, Karisa Martin

Submissions from 2010

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Activity of Traditional Topical Treatments against Pathogens Common in Wound Infections: Antimicrobial Activity of Traditional Treatments, Anna Wendel

“All had one thought in mind,…were these soldiers to be our conquerors, and if so, what will be our fate?” The Gettysburg Campaign and Franklin County, Pennsylvania, Harold M. Zimmerman

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A Quantitative Analysis of the Uptake of Heavy Metals into Common Garden Vegetables from Contaminated Soils, Jennifer Esbenshade

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But in Things: A series of collectives, Carolyn Wheatley and Christine Perrin

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E. E. Cummings: Lyrical Modernist, Emily Williams

Eight Poems and Stories from the Garden, Timothy Mackie

Elizabethan Costume and Design: a Twelve Step Program, Sara Palmer

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Encryption and Cryptography, Bethany Waldmann

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Evaluating Macroinvertebrate Communities at the Nexus of Freestone and Limestone Streams, Jennifer Hellmann

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Finding Who We Are: The Assemblies of God and Feminism in the 1970s, Caitlin Babcock

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Flight Tracking and Messaging Systems, Steven Heindel

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Isolation of Class II sHsp 17.0 from Zea maize for Future Studies in Chaperone Activity and Subunit Exchange, Michele Schleich and Hannah Tims

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Mennonites in Pennsylvania Prison Ministry and Reform, Kristin Lombardi

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Renaissance or Ruin? : Creating an Arts and Culture Destination in North Philadelphia, Samantha Moore

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Same-Gender vs. Mixed-Gender Small Groups: Which is Better?, Alison Shellhaas

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Sampling, David Kline

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Synthesis of 4-hydroxy-6-phenylmethyl-2-pyrone, Precursor to Aspernigrin A, Megan E. Buhler and Anne Reeve

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The Dazzling Grotesque: Spectacle, Popular Culture, and Contemporary Art, Lindsay Mehringer

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The Effects of Writing and Drawing and Fear of Social Evaluation on State Anxiety, Hilary Warner

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The Historicity of Jane Austen: Examining Courtship in Eighteenth-Century England, Courtney A. Weller

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The Mennonite Church: Theological History, Pacifism, and Restorative Justice, Kristin S. Lombardi

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The Novels of Wendell Berry and Cormac McCarthy: Persons Attempting to Find a Motive in these Narratives will be Prosecuted, Ray Yaegle

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The Significance of Distal Influences on Adolescent Romantic Relationship Satisfaction, Nathan Templeman

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Trends in the Legal Persecution of Christians and the Erosion of American Religious Liberties, Christie McGinley

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U.S. Influence through Microfinance: The Dominican Republic, Elizabeth H. Poulin

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Who’s the Fairest of them All? The Beauty of Charles Darwin, Alyssa Lord

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Why Violence is Not the Answer: A Comparison of Opposition Groups from the US Civil Rights and Anti-Apartheid Movements, Rebekah Crossman

Submissions from 2009

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An Educational Assessment of Mahadaga, Burkina Faso, Katie Patton

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A Quagmire of Religion, Politics, and Violence : The Political Causes and Consequences of Militarized Religious Movements, Kara Skarda

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Comparison of ELISA and ELISPOT methods in measuring CD4+ T cell responses to a newly identified MHC class II-restricted epitope within Simian Virus 40 T antigen, Robyn Smith and Lawrence Mylin

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Effects of Differing Post-Exercise Drinks on EPOC, Substrate Utilization, and Energy Expenditure, Sarah Evans and Kaitlin Hiserote

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Electric Motorcycle Battery System: Final Report, Matt Ayre, Amy Bowie, Brice Farrell, and Paul Gustafson

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Environmental Inequality Formation in Camden, NJ: A Sociohistorical Process, Christy M. Hutcheson

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Environmental Nickel and Arabidopsis thaliana: Accumulation, Localization, and the Effect of Propagation on a Nickel-Free Medium, Gabriel Mark Fickett

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From Memory to Meaning, Brittany Lodge

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Heresy or Holiness? Following Christ within Islam, Alison Fitchett

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Heroes and Villains: Good, Evil, and the Unraveling of the "Cold War Consensus" in Hollywood Films, Meredith Noelle Pilling

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Icons in Sound: A Comparison of the Music of Sir John Tavener and the Iconography of the Eastern Orthodox Church, Philip P. Graybill

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Literacy development in Burkina Faso, Aimee Kocher

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Nesting in Text: A Poetry Collection, Rachel McGahey

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Perspectives of Siblings of Adolescents with Eating Disorders: Parental Communication, Parenting Style, and Perceived Family Satisfaction, Laura Chrisfield

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Populism in Latin America: What is it, Why is it, and Has it Delivered?, Nadia Schafer

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Reaching for the Extra[ordinary] Life, Holly Perozzi

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The Maureen chindolo collection of Zambian children's songs, Dwight D. Thomas and Rebecca L. Shaull

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The Role of Religion in an Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process, Nevin Climenhaga

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Uncensored Grief: Suffering in George Herbert's Temple, Karen Garven

Submissions from 2008

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Analyzing Marital Enrichment Resources Employed in Churches, Tawny L. Smay

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Analyzing Premarital Education for Military Couples, Amanda G. Schoeneberger

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Ascend: An Epic Poem in Forty Days, Daniel Wheatley

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As United Voices of Praise choir members, Are we accomplishing our mission statement goals? As a whole and on a personal level?, Marteshia Gant

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Biodiesel: Final Design Report, David Hostetter, Timothy Jones, and Lucas Witmer

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Family and Zombies and Women Who Know What They Want, Liz Wright

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Generation of Immortalized Murine Cell Lines with SV 40 T Antigen Derivatives Bearing Alterations in a Novel MHC Class II-Restricted Epitope, Andrea J. Peters

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Homeschool Plus: "Pilot", Matt Thornton

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Instant message use and taboo topics of self-disclosure, Kathryn A. Nesterwitz

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Library Research Grant, Mackenzie Martin

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Living art: experience & installation (for contemporary culture), Kristen Seda

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Messiah College history :an audio-guided tour, Mary Lee Shade

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Of Kings, Cattle, and Kukhonta : A Case Study of Democratization, Modernization, and Traditional Land Tenure in Swaziland, Amanda McMillan

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Oxidation of Small Alcohols Using Spinach Photosystem II: Use of a natural catalyst for potential green synthesis, Emily G. Forschler

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Personal Electronic Math Tutor Final Design Report, Jeremy Ashinghurst, Scott Eshleman, and Phil Gilde

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Rate of Nickel Accumulation in Arabidopsis Thaliana Plant Biomass, Adia D. Kelly

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Sexual Dimorphism in the Monochromatic Barbados Bullfinch, Loxigilla barbadensis, Cameron Rutt, Maria Svensson, and Samuel Wilcock

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Tabula Rasa (18 Poems), Mackenzie Martin

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Textile Innovation in Edo Period Japan: A Look at the Rise of the Middle Class and the Subsequent Shift in Aesthetic Taste that Occurred in Japanese Fashion Between the Years of 1615 and 1868, Elena Yamamoto

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The Best We Were, Andrew Heil

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The Effect of Riparian Buffer Zones of Macroinvertebrate Biodiversity and Stream Health, Adam M.M. Stuckert

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The Effects of Perceived Parental Involvement on Elementary School Students' Attitudes Towards School, Ben Fisher

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The Poststructuralist Social Theory of Michel Foucault Power-Relations and Subjectivities, Benjamin M. Lamb

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The Role of the United States in Development, Democracy, and Human Rights, Elizabeth Monachello

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The Touch of the Spirit: The Song of Songs in the Gendered Mysticism of Bernard of Clairvaux and Mechthild of Magdeburg, Lucy Barnhouse

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To Each His Own: Personalized Version Control, Devin J. Pohly

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When Good Men Do Something: Pre, Post, and Production, Sharon Campbell

Submissions from 2007

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But the Flesh Is: A Collection of Essays, Julia Sanders

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Christian children's songs in Zambia, Erin Black

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Domestic and International Consequences of US Farm Subsidies, Jeff Reczek

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Favoritism in the Courts of Early Modern England: A Study of James I and George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, Rachel Heeter

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How Long is Your Block: Strengthening Understanding of Measurement in a Relevant Urban Context, Kelly Cooper

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Identifying H-2b-restricted CD4+ T Lymphocyte Recognition Epitopes Within Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen, Elizabeth M. Chmielewski and Lawrence M. Mylin

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Immigrant Civic Participation, Megan N. Wolf

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Instrumental Learning and Pedal Movements in Bufo americanus, Rebecca Kern

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La condicion politica de la comunidad latina en los Estados Unidos, Jordan Brensinger

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Liberal Democracy in Illiberal Contexts: A Model for Democratic Transition in China, Bethany Stotts

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Linear Models in Statistics, Paul Bernhardt

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Linguistic Reform of Media Portrayals: Moving Towards Positive African American Identity Affirmation, Marissa McKeever

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Loneliness Across Cultures: A Cross-Cultural Investigation of Loneliness Among University Students in Uganda and the United States, Sara Van Cott

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Maternal perspectives on child care quality, Sarah Weaver

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On the dust of its husk: Evidence for an alternative Shadean theory in Pale Fire, Tiffany DeRewal

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Organic Reactions in Ionic Liquids, Anna Beiler

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Sacredness of the Vessel, Diane Pierce

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Short-Term Urban Service Trips: Relevance in Ministry and their Impact on Adolescents' Perception of the City and Continued Service, Melissa Sandrock

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Spiritual Development in Early Childhood: From Theory to Practice, Emily Dause

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War and Corruption: A Political History of Uganda, Mathew Miller

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Zambia Papermaking Project, Elizabeth Ball

Submissions from 2006

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Bible Study or Budding Cult? A Study of a Controversial Bible Study on a Christian College Campus, Sarah Ringer

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Body Image and How the Mass Media Affects Us, Connie Wheeler

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"Disposed To Be Communicative": Conversations about Literacy Among Four Texts, Danina Garcia

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Focusing on Femicide: Democracy through the Lens of Women's Rights in Guatemala, Jill Seibert

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Jesus on the Hill: A Descriptive Study of the Church Community on Allison Hill, Eric Hernandez

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Loss of Authenticity: An Examination of Globalization in Athens, Greece, Alison M. Seiler

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"Loyalty and Dissent in Civil War Maryland: William Glenn and the Suppression of the Daily Exchange", Kelly Knight

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Mahadaga pump project : durability testing and redesign of a handicap accessible pump for irrigation in West Africa, Joseph Longenecker, Chris Claassen, and Peter Govey

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Mason Locke Weems, George Washington, and the Emergence of an "Evangelical Nationalism" in the Early Nineteenth Century, Justin J. Bollinger

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Messiah College adventure programs: policies and procedures handbook, Emily Cagwin

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"Nothing About Us Without Us"; Empowerment, Disability and Community Development in Kenya, Kim Warde

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Peace, Postmodernism, and Praxis: 'Binding and Loosing' as a Model for Conflict Transformation, Ben Lamb

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Religious Attitudes and Participation at Messiah College, Lauren Webster

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Senior Project Final Written Report : Drive-Train Redesign of the Hand Powered Tricycles, Sean Davis

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Solving Pell Equations, Matthew Wright

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Strengths of Urban Youth: An Examination of North Philadelphia Teenagers and their Development and Talents, Stephanie Vroman

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Student Housing Effect on Socialization: Does Messiah College Housing effect socialization of students?, Signe Henkel

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The Gothic Tower: How the Genre has Lent Itself to Depictions of Evil throughout the 18th, 19th, and 20th Centuries, Kristine N. Harvey

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The Skills Agenda: Great Britain vs. the United States, Jennifer Brownett

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Women in Prison: The Path They Take in and the Path They Take Out, Brenna O'Donnell

Submissions from 2005

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An Analysis of the Wycliffe Bible Translators and the Summer Institute of Linguistics in Latin America : ethnocide or cultural preservation, Kristen Herr

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An Ethnographic Report: The Intersection of Self, Career, and Education in the Life of Kelly Smoker, Kelly Smoker

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Cohabitation: Function and Dysfunction, Kristen N. Hess

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Danish Unemployment, Chris Gilbert

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Factors Affecting Third Culture Kid Adjustment to College, Ellen P. Ferris Shaffer

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From Ghettos to Globalization: The Market Politics of Discipline and Repression, Zachary Stock

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Incarcerated Females: Trapped in a Man's World, Ashley Gwen Brill

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Leading by Example: Crime Reduction and Techniques in the City of New York, Ryan R. Sensenig

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LSA Integration, Josh Joyce, Tyler Miller, and Jonathan Shenk

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Place, Community, and Resistance.:· A Study of a Localized Urban Opposition Movement Rich in Social Capital, Matt Lyke

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Proposal: Do we create sex in the media or does sex in the media create us?, Ashley Russ

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Prosthetic Knee Redesign, Brett Davis, Nathan Shaffer, and Brian Thompson

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Reducing the Recidivism Rate of America's Adolescents: A Restorative Justice Approach, Deborah Erving

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The Effect of Thai Public Education on the Cultural Identity of Karen Tribal Children, Cassandra Hartman

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The new democratic conspiracy : or the agrarians' and simple livers' benevolent amtition to take over the world, being an examination of the philosophies and literature of the Agrarianism and Simplicity traditions, Nathan Wil Tillman

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What is community?: Commitment and capital among three groups, Heather Bechtel and Kevin A. Thomas

Submissions from 2004

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A New Conception of Violence, Chelli Stanley

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Business process constraint-driven product planning, Brendan Post

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College Students' Attitudes Toward Seeking Help for Mental Health Problems: A Vignette Approach, Kelly Sensenig

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Developing Software for Cognitively Disabled Children: Teaching Time Telling Skills, Ryan Tierney

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Eating Disturbance and Religious Belief: The Connection Between Religiosity and Body Image Among Messiah College Women, Danielle Roser

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Evaluation of the Juvenile Justice System, Ryan Garner

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Hobbies verses the World Are We Becoming a One-Dimensional Society?, Danny Wicks

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Magnet Schools and Urban Education: Adversaries or Allies?, Melissa Wankmuller

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Men and women's soccer programs: is there an equal playing field at Messiah College?, Jennifer Sapp

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Nonviolence in the Real World, Shawn Horine

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Parental Divorce and Depression in Young Adulthood: Christianity as a Mediating Factor, Ashley R. Miller

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Phylogeographic Allometry of Anuran Amphibians of the Genus Atelopus from Central Panama, Andrew Tucker

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Putting Us In Our Place: An Ecological Literary Reading of Barbara Kingsolver, Janel Atlas

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Seeking the white rabbit: The ethical and religious journey of Rabbit Angstrom, Amy Raj

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Self in Struggle: Levels of Resistance in Nonwestern Autobiography, Christina Moyer

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Sexual Knowledge and the Implications for Society, Angie Wagner

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Sociological Seminar Senior Thesis A Comparison Study of Causal Factors Contributory to Self-Mutilation, Jamy Kiel

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Student Leaming in Principles of Sociology: Impact of Discussion Group on Development of Sociological Imagination and Sense of Civic Responsibility, Melody L. Boyd

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Sudan: Case-Study for a Better Understanding of Large-Scale Conflict, Abigail S. Carlisle

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The Acute Effects of Static and Ballistic Stretching on Vertical Jump Performance in Trained Women, Jessica Unick, H. Scott Kieffer, Wendy Cheesman, and Anna Feeney

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The Philadelphia Campus: Vision, Purpose, and Reality: An Historian's Perspective, Sarah D. Mackin

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The Roles and Portrayal of Women in Film Over Time: A Content Analysis of Films from 1939-2002, Allison M. Simon

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The Stories of Four Gay Students At Messiah College, Josi Ferreira

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Violence and Children's Testimony, Faye Stephen

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Women Behind Bars, Joanna Wilkinson

Submissions from 2003

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Amish Shunning: A Ritual of Purity and Shame, Amos Stoltzfus

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"As if language had surrendered": Transcending Speech in the Plays of Brian Friel, Debbie DeGeorge

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Chivalry and the Tournament in Chaucer's Knight's Tale; History, Subjectivity, and the Subaltern in Arundhati Roy's The God of Small Things, Nicholas Lauer

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Civil Religion and the Patriotic Church: Wielding the "Power of Pride" in Times of War, Elizabeth J. Claassen

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Configuration For GNU Project Summary and Documentation Guide, Jason Long and Justin Yackoski

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Exploring Greeneland: Examining Duality in Graham Greene's Life and Works, Kristin Masters

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Gender Inequality in Higher Education, Leah M. Ver Steeg

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Isolation of Genetically Homogeneous Cell Lines Immortalized by a Wild Type or Mutant Form of the Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen, Megan Benedict

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New Media Technology: oppression in the modern world, Shauna Nefos

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Production and In Vitro Characterization of Altered Tag Transformed Morine Fibroblasts, Kevin Driver and Lawrence M. Mylin

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"Protecting Intellectual Property in a Software Development Environment", Jeffrey Woldan

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Republicanism, Wives, and the Presidency The Political Dilemma of Washington, Adams, and Madison, Megan Jones

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Resolving Sums of Conjugate Radicals, Nicholas C. Zoller

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Rigorously Unrevised, Unapologetically Uncensored: An Experiment in Creative Nonfiction Writing, Heather Ross

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Self-association studies of yeast TATA binding protein using an E. coli two-hybrid system, Michael Sauder, Claire Adams, and Michael Fried

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Shades of Dresden: Kurt Vonnegut and the Artist's Responsibility in Responding to and Representing War, Marissa S. Brown

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Songs of the South and the East: Disney and (Consumer) Culture (or, "Everybody Has a Laughing Place [and wherever it is, Disney owns it]"), Alicia Watkins

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The Effects of a Short-term Plyometrics Program on Hamstring Strength in Female Collegiate Soccer Players, Melinda B. Miller

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The Reality of Evil and Christian Visions of God, Sharon A. Hewitt

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The Threefold Journey: Development of Home, Society, and Psyche, Nathan Heller

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The United States Justice System, Kristen Hegar

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Two hundred years of dining in "middle class" American homes, Janet Kraft

Submissions from 2002

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Anti-Semites or Patriots? The American Response to the Holocaust, Mac Brodt

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Cognitive load and driving : the effect of cell phone use on driving ability, Stephen J. Doherty

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Filling in the Blanks: Juxtaposition in Creative Writing, Carl Yost

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Influence and Free Will, Sharon A. Hewitt

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Invitation to Deixis: Bilingualism, Identity and the Reader in Latina Literature, Tana Liu

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Piecing Together Tom, Sarah Cathleen Smith

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The Effects of Caffeine on Human State Dependent Learning, Nicole Miller

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The Natural Trumpet: A Stepping Stone, Angela M. Lykins

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The Search for Salman Rushdie: Migration and Identity in "The Satanic Verses", Victor James Sensenig

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Women of the Bible: Nearly Nameless--Never Forgotten, Noreen M. Livoti

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[Writings], Lisa Rieck

Submissions from 2001

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Dante's Virgils, Victor James Sensenig

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Promising Regeneration: Religious Symbolism in Dostoevsky's "Crime and Punishment", Sarah Cathleen Smith

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'Use Desdemona Well': Orson Welles's and Oliver Parker's Filmic Interpretations of Shakespeare's Othello, Kimi Cunningham